Buffering Supercapacitor Mechanism based on Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for Mini All-Terrain Vehicle Application

Volume 5, Issue 4, Page No 244-251, 2020

Author’s Name: Syifaul Fuada^1,a), Braham Lawas Lawu², Bommegowda Kabbala Basavarajappa³

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¹Program Studi Sistem Telekomunikasi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
²PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) UPP Kitring, Muara Taweh, Barito Utara, Kalimantan Tengah, 73811, Indonesia
³Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, N.M.A.M. Institute of Technology, Nitte, Udupi District, Karnataka, 574110, India

^a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Syifaulfuada@upi.edu

Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 5(4), 244-251 (2020); DOI: 10.25046/aj050430

Keywords: Non-isolated Bidirectional DC/DC Converter, Boost Mode, Supercapacitor, Mini All-terrain Vehicle (ATV)

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Abstract

Fundamentally, the Bidirectional DC/DC converter consists of Buck and Boost modes, which working alternately. Hence, it has two output directions: Buck mode for decreasing the voltage and Boost mode for increasing the voltage at certain levels. In this work, we applied a non-isolated topology of the Bidirectional DC/DC converter for electric vehicle, that is mini all-terrain vehicle (ATV). We set a Buck mode to charge the Supercapacitor when the battery current and the Supercapacitor voltage are lower than considered level. Whereas the Boost mode was used to discharge as well as buffer the mini ATV when the battery current and the Supercapacitor voltage are higher than considered level. The discussion of Buck mode has been presented in previous work, so in this work, we focus on the Boost mode analysis only. This mode is set to increase the Supercapacitor’s voltage. The Supercapacitor with 25 VDC/8 Farad was used as the secondary main power inside the 22.2 VDC / 5000 mAh LiPo battery of the mini ATV motor. The mini ATV requires 36 VDC to work. Thus, it must be boosted first from 22.2 to 36 VDC using an external Boost converter. Moreover, it must be maintained at 36 VDC. Based on the requirement, we first design the bidirectional DC/DC converter involving the mathematical calculation and then simulate it into LTSpice®. The Printed-Circuit Board is then lay-outed and mounted. Later, we connected the designed system to mini ATV motor and tested the performance as well. According to the laboratory test, the Bidirectional DC/DC converter can increase (Boost) the voltage of the Supercapacitor from a certain level to 36 VDC. On the other hand, it can maintain 36 VDC. The central control in this system uses the STM32F4 Microcontroller, while the battery monitoring system employs the STMStudio.

Received: 12 June 2020, Accepted: 09 July 2020, Published Online: 28 July 2020

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Buffering Supercapacitor Mechanism based on Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for Mini All-Terrain Vehicle Application